Vesicoureteral reflux

‎ 28,Nov 2022
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Vesicoureteral (ves-ih-koe-yoo-REE-tur-ul) reflux is the abnormal flow of urine from your bladder back up the tubes (ureters) that connect your kidneys to your bladder. Normally, urine flows from your kidneys through the ureters down to your bladder. It's not supposed to flow back up.
Vesicoureteral reflux is usually diagnosed in infants and children. The disorder increases the risk of urinary tract infections, which, if left untreated, can lead to kidney damage.
Children may outgrow primary vesicoureteral reflux. Treatment, which includes medication or surgery, aims at preventing kidney damage.
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Urinary tract infections commonly occur in people with vesicoureteral reflux. A urinary tract infection (UTI) doesn't always cause noticeable signs and symptoms, though most people have some.
These signs and symptoms can include:
  1. A strong, persistent urge to urinate
  2. A burning sensation when urinating
  3. The need to pass small amounts of urine frequently
  4. Cloudy urine
  5. Fever
  6. Pain in your side (flank) or abdomen
    A UTI may be difficult to diagnose in children, who may have only nonspecific signs an
     symptoms.

Signs and symptoms in infants with a UTI may also include:

  1. An unexplained fever
  2. Lack of appetite
  3. Irritability
As your child gets older, untreated vesicoureteral reflux can lead to:
  1. Bed-wetting
  2. Constipation or loss of control over bowel movements
  3. High blood pressure
  4. Protein in urine
Another indication of vesicoureteral reflux, which may be detected before birth by sonogram, is swelling of the kidneys or the urine-collecting structures of one or both kidneys (hydronephrosis) in the fetus, caused by the backup of urine into the kidneys.
 
When to see a doctor
Contact your doctor right away if your child develops any of the signs or symptoms of a UTI, such as:
  1. A strong, persistent urge to urinate
  2. A burning sensation when urinating
  3. Abdominal or flank pain
Call your doctor about fever if your child:
  • Is younger than 3 months old and has a rectal temperature of 100.4 F (38 C) or higher
  • Is 3 months or older and has a fever of 100.4 F (38 C) or higher and seems to be ill
  • Is also eating poorly or has had significant changes in mood